给初级 JavaScript 开发者的 18 个技巧

2025-06-09

给初级 JavaScript 开发者的 18 个技巧

1. 转换为字符串

const input = 123;

console.log(input + ''); // '123'
console.log(String(input)); // '123'
console.log(input.toString()); // '123'
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2. 转换为数字

const input = '123';

console.log(+input); // 123
console.log(Number(input)); // 123
console.log(parseInt(input)); // 123
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3. 转换为布尔值

const input = 1;

// Solution 1 - Use double-exclamation (!!) to convert to boolean
console.log(!!input); // true

// Solution 2 - Pass the value to Boolean()
console.log(Boolean(input)); // true
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4. 字符串问题'false'

const value = 'false';
console.log(Boolean(value)); // true
console.log(!!value); // true

// The best way to check would be,
console.log(value === 'false');
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5. null 与 undefined

null是一个值,而undefined不是。null就像一个空盒子,而undefined根本不是盒子。
例如,

const fn = (x = 'default value') => console.log(x);

fn(undefined); // default value
fn(); // default value

fn(null); // null
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null传递时,不采用默认值,而当undefined或未传递任何内容时,则采用默认值。

6. 真值和假值

虚假值- false,,(空字符串0,,,& ""nullundefinedNaN

真值- "false",,"0"{}空对象),& [](空数组)

7. 可以进行哪些更改const

const用于值不变的情况。例如,

const name = 'Codedrops';
name = 'Codedrops.tech'; // Error

const list = [];
list = [1]; // Error

const obj = {};
obj = { name: 'Codedrops' }; // Error
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但它可以用来更新先前分配的数组/对象引用中的值

const list = [];
list.push(1); // Works
list[0] = 2; // Works

const obj = {};
obj['name'] = 'Codedrops'; // Works
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8. 双等号和三等号的区别

// Double equal - Converts both the operands to the same type and then compares
console.log(0 == '0'); // true

// Triple equal - Does not convert to same type
console.log(0 === '0'); // false
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9. 更好地接受论点

function downloadData(url, resourceId, searchText, pageNo, limit) {}

downloadData(...); // need to remember the order
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更简单的方法是-

function downloadData(
{ url, resourceId, searchText, pageNo, limit } = {}
) {}

downloadData(
  { resourceId: 2, url: "/posts", searchText: "programming" }
);
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10. 将普通函数重写为箭头函数

const func = function() {
    console.log('a');
    return 5;
};
func();
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可以重写为

const func = () => (console.log('a'), 5);
func();
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11. 从箭头函数返回对象/表达式

const getState = (name) => ({name, message: 'Hi'});
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12. 将集合转换为数组

const set = new Set([1, 2, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 1, 2, 4]);
console.log(set); // Set(6) {1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7}

set.map((num) => num * num); // TypeError: set.map is not a function
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要转换为数组,

const arr = [...set];
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13. 检查值是否为数组

const arr = [1, 2, 3];
console.log(typeof arr); // object
console.log(Array.isArray(arr)); // true
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14. 对象键按插入顺序存储

const obj = {
  name: "Human",
  age: 0,
  address: "Earth",
  profession: "Coder",
};

console.log(Object.keys(obj)); // name, age, address, profession
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Objects保持密钥的创建顺序。

15. 空值合并运算符

const height = 0;

console.log(height || 100); // 100
console.log(height ?? 100); // 0
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Nullish coalescing operator(??)仅当左侧值为undefined或时才返回右侧值null

16. 地图()

它是一个实用函数,用于将函数应用于数组的每个元素
它返回一个数组,其中包含从该应用函数返回的值。例如,

const numList = [1, 2, 3];

const square = (num) => {
  return num * num
}

const squares = numList.map(square);

console.log(squares); // [1, 4, 9]
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这里,该函数square应用于每个元素,即 1、2、3。

该函数的返回值作为新元素值返回。

17. try..catch..finally - 真实示例

const getData = async () => {
  try {
    setLoading(true);
    const response = await fetch(
      "https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts"
    );
    // if error occurs here, then all the statements 
    //in the try block below this wont run.
    // Hence cannot turn off loading here.
    const data = await response.json();
    setData(data);
  } catch (error) {
    console.log(error);
    setToastMessage(error);
  } finally {
    setLoading(false); // Turn off loading irrespective of the status.
  }
};

getData();
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18.解构

const response = {
  msg: "success",
  tags: ["programming", "javascript", "computer"],
  body: {
    count: 5
  },
};

const {
  body: {
    count,
        unknownProperty = 'test'
  },
} = response;

console.log(count, unknownProperty); // 5 'test'
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感谢阅读💙

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鏂囩珷鏉ユ簮锛�https://dev.to/ml318097/18-tips-tricks-for-junior-javascript-developer-57oa
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