让您的 Linux 终端高效且美观。

2025-06-10

让您的 Linux 终端高效且美观。

1600947596-终端

在本文中，我们将配置 Linux 终端/shell，安装插件/包以提高速度、提高生产力并改变终端的外观。

首先，使用此命令检查活动的shell。



echo $SHELL 
or 
echo $0
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以下命令将显示所有可用的 shell。



cat /etc/shells
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按照步骤设置并配置您的终端

Linux（类似 Ubuntu 的操作系统）默认的终端是 Bash（Bourne Again Shell）。
在本教程中，我们将首先更改 Shell 并进行配置，然后安装/更新插件和颜色首选项。

安装 Zsh Shell（）

首先，使用以下命令检查 zsh 是否已安装：



< /etc/shells grep zsh
outout: 
/bin/zsh
/usr/bin/zsh
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安装

  • 对于 Debian（类似 ubuntu 的发行版）```

sudo apt 更新
sudo apt 安装 zsh


- For Redhat
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sudo yum 安装 zsh


- For OpenSuse
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zypper 安装 zsh


- For Arc Linux or Manjaro
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pacman -S zsh


- For Fedora
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dnf 安装 zsh

- For free bsd
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pkg 安装 zsh

- For macOS
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brew 安装 zsh

or you can download it from source **http://zsh.sourceforge.net/Arc/source.html**

Official Installation Doc: **https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/wiki/Installing-ZSH**

Check zsh version: ```zsh

 --version
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Zsh 已成功安装。

现在，将 zsh 设为您的默认终端：



chsh -s $(which zsh)
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如果您想切换回默认 bash 或任何其他终端，请运行此命令。



chsh -s /bin/bash or exec bash
or
chsh -s /bin/zsh or exec zsh
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然后重新启动终端。

安装 oh my zsh

Oh-my-zsh 是一个用于管理 Zsh 配置的开源框架。

通过Curl安装



sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
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通过wget安装



sh -c "$(wget https://raw.github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh -O -)"
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手动安装



curl -Lo install.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh
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检查.zshrc文件的变量，确认zsh已激活。

打开 zshrc 文件： > sudo nano ~/.zshrc
export ZSH="$HOME/.oh-my-zsh"

确保上述变量已在 .zshrc 文件中设置。如果不存在，请编辑该文件并添加上述行。

要应用 bashrc/zshrc 文件中的所有编辑更改，您必须运行或“source ~/.zshrcsource

~/.bashrc




接下来，我们将安装 omz 插件和主题。

主题

主题 (ZSH_THEME) 是 zshrc(omz) 文件的一个变量。要添加或更新主题，您必须先安装主题（如果未安装），然后更新主题 (ZSH_THEME) 变量。

oh-my-zsh 自带预定义主题。您可以通过设置 ZSH_THEME 变量来设置它们。

omzs 的默认和流行主题是 omz 安装附带的 robbyrussell 和 agnoster。

设置 robbyrussell 主题



ZSH_THEME="robbyrussell"
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Agnoster 主题



ZSH_THEME="agnoster"
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Oh-my-zsh 提供更多主题选项。
例如 Pure、Avit、Apple、Bira 等等……

查看 Oh-My-Zsh 主题的完整列表：https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/wiki/Themes

除此之外，您还可以安装外部主题。一些流行的主题包括 Powerlevel10k、Powerlevel9k、Spaceship、Bullet-Train 等……

功率级别10k

Powerlvel10k 是 zsh 的完全可定制且更高级的主题。

安装

对于 Oh my zsh



git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/romkatv/powerlevel10k.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-$HOME/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/themes/powerlevel10k
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在 .zshrc 文件中的 ZSH_THME 变量中设置主题。



ZSH_THEME="powerlevel10k/powerlevel10k"
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配置Powerlevel10k

输入命令：启动Powerlevel10k配置。p10

configure

或者您可以编辑配置文件：~/.p10k.zsh

更多详细信息：https://github.com/romkatv/powerlevel10k

飞船

另一个强大的主题是 Spaceship。它具有许多功能，并且是一个非常可定制的 zsh 提示符主题。

安装

对于 Oh My Zsh



git clone https://github.com/denysdovhan/spaceship-prompt.git "$ZSH_CUSTOM/themes/spaceship-prompt" --depth=1
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将 spaceship.zsh-theme 符号链接到您的 oh-my-zsh 自定义主题目录：



ln -s "$ZSH_CUSTOM/themes/spaceship-prompt/spaceship.zsh-theme" "$ZSH_CUSTOM/themes/spaceship.zsh-theme"
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然后在 .zshrc 中设置 ZSH_THEME 变量



ZSH_THEME="spaceship"
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更多详情请访问：https://denysdovhan.com/spaceship-prompt/

插件

插件是一组变量（数组），包含 zshrc（omz）文件中已激活插件的值列表。要添加或更新插件，您必须先安装（如果尚未安装）插件，然后更新插件变量。


 .zshrc
plugins=(git node autojump ... )
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plugins 变量的值应该用空格分隔，而不是逗号。
现在，安装一些有用的插件。Git
只需
在 plugins var 中添加 git 即可。

插件=（git...）


**zsh-autosuggestions**

For Oh-My-Zsh

First, clone the directory using git
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git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions

and activate the plugin
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插件=（...zsh-自动建议）

Or Manual Installation
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git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions ~/.zsh/zsh-autosuggestions

and add the following line to ~/.zshrc
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源 ~/.zsh/zsh-autosuggestions/zsh-autosuggestions.zsh

and restart the terminal.

**zsh-syntax-highlighting**
**Installation**

For Zsh

Clone the git repo
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git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git
echo "source ${(q-)PWD}/zsh-syntax-highlighting/zsh-syntax-highlighting.zsh" >> ${ZDOTDIR:-$HOME}/.zshrc

Then enable the plugin
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源 ./zsh-syntax-highlighting/zsh-syntax-highlighting.zsh


For Oh-My-Zsh

Clone the repo
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git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting

And add the zsh-syntax-highlighting value in plugins variable
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插件=（... zsh-语法高亮）

And restart the terminal.

**Before**

![](https://designdrastic.com/images/articles/terminal-setup/hl3.png)

![](https://designdrastic.com/images/articles/terminal-setup/hl2.png)

**After**

![](https://designdrastic.com/images/articles/terminal-setup/hl4.png)

![](https://designdrastic.com/images/articles/terminal-setup/hl5.png)

**z or Zsh-z**

Z allows you to jump quickly to the directory that you visited most in the past. Z will remember the path you've entered frequently and helped you to jump around them with few keystrokes. 

Z uses regular expression.

To enable the z plugin, assing z to your plugin variable.
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插件=（...z）

![Plugin:Z](https://designdrastic.com/images/articles/terminal-setup/z.gif)

> For more oh-my-zsh plugins: **https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/wiki/Plugins**

### **Terminal Preferences**
Install the **Patched Fonts** for the terminal. The patched font will be used to display characters, glyph, icons, arrow effects, emojis. 

**Install Powerline fonts**
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sudo apt-get 安装 fonts-powerline

For more options: **https://github.com/powerline/fonts#quick-installation**

**Download and Install the Powerline/Nerd font**
* [Source Code Pro](https://github.com/powerline/fonts/tree/master/SourceCodePro)
* [Fura/Fira Mono Powerline](https://github.com/powerline/fonts/tree/master/FiraMono)
* [Hack](https://github.com/powerline/fonts/tree/master/Hack)
* [Other Poweline Fonts](https://github.com/powerline/fonts)
* [Nerd Fonts](https://github.com/ryanoasis/nerd-fonts)

Then select the preferable front in custom font inside the text tab in Preferences.
[](https://designdrastic.com/images/articles/terminal-setup/preference-text.png)

**Change the colors(color scheme) of the Terminal**
Open the preferences and select the second tab=>  Colors. 

Available Buil-in Schemes are:
[](https://designdrastic.com/images/articles/terminal-setup/built-in-schemes.png)
Tango & Solarized are recommended.

You can also customize the colors according to your need in the custom tab.

Next, you can make the terminal productive and more customizable with **Starship**

### **Starship**
**Install and configure Starship**
The Starship is "The minimal, blazing-fast, and infinitely customizable prompt for any shell!"

**Installation**
Using curl
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curl -fsSL https://starship.rs/install.sh | bash


With Brew
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brew 安装 starship


With Scoop
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勺子安装星际飞船


After installation, add the below line to initialize the **Starship**

For Bash(~/.bashrc)
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eval“$（starship init bash）”


For Zsh(~/.zshrc)
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eval "$(starship init zsh)"


For Fish(~/.config/fish/config.fish)
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星舰初始化鱼 | 来源


**Configuration**
Starship uses a TOML file for configuration. 

TOML Doc: **https://github.com/toml-lang/toml**

To get started configuring starship, create the config file starship.toml inside .config directory. 

**starship.toml**
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add_newline = false
符号 = “➜”
[语言]
符号='*'
.
.
.

For prompt configuration visit: **https://starship.rs/config/#prompt**
![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/starship/starship/master/media/demo.gif)

### **Tmux/Tilix**
tmux is a program that runs in a terminal and allows multiple other terminal programs to be run inside it.

Tilix is similar to Tmux. It is a tiling terminal emulator. Tmux/Tilix can split your emulator window into multiple terminal panes. 
![](/images/articles/terminal-setup/tilix.png)

I hope you guys find the article helpful.
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鏂囩珷鏉ユ簮锛�https://dev.to/yogeshdev/make-your-unix-terminal-beautiful-productive-c1d
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